It is customary to qualify diabetes mellitus as an endocrine pathology with a severe clinical picture. In this case, the initial stages of the disease are often asymptomatic or characterized by polymorphism of manifestations. However, there are certain signs of pathology that you can learn from the material below.
Signs of diabetes in women
During life, the body of the weaker sex goes through numerous hormonal changes. These changes often lead to the development of type 2 diabetes. It should also be borne in mind that women are more likely to "clog" mental problems with a large amount of junk food. This behavior also negatively affects the course of metabolic processes.
Type 1 diabetes develops in young girls under the age of 25 and is not dependent on hormonal status. At the same time, women are at risk during pregnancy, who are often diagnosed with symptoms of the transient gestational form of the disease. Common symptoms of diabetes in women include:
- slow wound healing;
- Sleepiness;
- hair loss;
- itching of different localization;
- constant thirst;
- weight loss without dieting;
- increased appetite;
- frequent heavy urination.
Symptoms of diabetes in men
The stronger sex, for the most part, prefers to ignore the body's alarming signals about problems. Against the background of abdominal obesity in men, there is often a relative insufficiency in the production of glucose transporter hormone. Unlike adrenaline, insulin is not able to break down accumulated deposits effectively. Due to the active activity of the stress hormone, a large amount of fatty acids rush to the liver, preventing normal tissue nutrition due to glucose. In general, the symptoms of diabetes in men are identical to those in women.
How does diabetes manifest itself in children?
A high blood sugar level in a child can be due to obesity or a genetic predisposition. Nonetheless, the contagious nature of this phenomenon is often debated in the scientific community. Such views can be supplemented by the statements of some experts who regard diabetes mellitus (especially juvenile) as a vaccination complication. Therefore, if a child develops the following symptoms after vaccination, adults should respond appropriately:
- constant thirst;
- bedwetting;
- to throw up;
- weight loss against the background of increased appetite;
- private skin infections;
- Decrease in motor and mental activity.
First signs
Due to the polymorphism of its signs, it is not easy to recognize the disease at an early stage of development. Body signals are usually confused with overexertion and exhaustion. The clinical picture in the secondary form of the pathology can be completely absent, until the patient falls into a hyperglycemic coma or suffers a heart attack or stroke. The disease of the first type is initially manifested largely by severe conditions in the form of characteristic acute attacks. However, it is important to note that the first symptoms of diabetes can include:
- The patient cannot lift his big toe off the floor.
- When the palms touch, only the fingertips are in the zone of direct contact.
- There is bedwetting (if it is a child).
- There are dental problems.
- There is a sharp deterioration in vision.
Symptoms of latent diabetes
In most cases, the disease develops unnoticed by a person. The manifestation of a hidden process occurs against the background of stress, infectious and autoimmune lesions of the body. At the same time, latent diabetes mellitus is considered more dangerous than manifest diabetes. Experts note that with a latent form of the disease, the negative consequences of pancreatic dysfunction are often diagnosed, among which the so-called diabetic foot syndrome occupies a special place. In this regard, it would be appropriate to name the main symptoms of latent diabetes:
- feeling of dryness in the mouth;
- Headache;
- Detection of acetone in urinalysis;
- increased fatigue.
How to distinguish the type of diabetes
It is known that high blood sugar levels occur as a result of carbohydrate metabolism disorders. Highlighting all the symptoms of diabetes in men, women or children, it is important to mention that each form of the pathology differs in the degree of damage to special cells (islets of Langerhans), which are located in the body of the pancreas and produce much-needed insulinsynthesize the body. With the complete destruction of these formations, the production of biologically active substances necessary for the transport of glucose becomes impossible.
The second type of diabetes disease is characterized by the preservation of the functional activity of the islets of Langerhans, but the insulin produced in this case cannot deliver glucose to tissues and organs due to the high concentration of fatty acids in the human body . Patients with this type of pathology, with an active lifestyle and a special diet, often refuse parenteral administration of the hormone.
Type 1 symptoms
As already mentioned, the development of absolute insufficiency of insulin production begins with an acute reaction of the body to an increase in blood sugar. It also happens that a person is aware that he is at high risk of developing such problems. In this situation, the patient undergoes preventive examinations in order to detect the disease in time. With this approach, the process rarely escalates. Meanwhile, people with type 1 diabetes often experience hypoglycemia due to improper insulin dosing. In addition, in the primary form of pathology it is noted:
- severe thirst;
- the smell of acetone from the mouth;
- Eating a large amount of a variety of foods;
- polyuria;
- slow healing of the wound surface;
- diabetic ketoacidosis;
- Skin problems in the form of frequent fungal infections and boils.
How does type 2 manifest itself?
The relative insufficiency of insulin production has a smoother clinical picture. The patient's glucose level can remain within the normal range for a long time. The results of the tests usually get worse when the diabetes becomes acute. Until this time, patients do not attach importance to sharp weight loss and a reduction in physical activity. In addition to the above signs, the following changes in the way the body works can be seen in type 2 diabetes:
- quick fatigue;
- Sleepiness;
- Osteoporosis;
- tired appearance;
- renal pathology, often leading to diabetic nephropathy;
- non-healing wounds on the skin;
- Itching;
- sudden hair loss;
- disorientation;
- Tingling and numbness of extremities.